Varicose veins and lower extremities – chronic disease, which is characterized by thinning of the veins walls, increased vascular between and the formation of complex extensions.
The disease is diagnosed, is 15-17% of the adult population. In adulthood the disease is more frequently diagnosed in women, which is associated with hormonal reorganization in the body (menopause, pregnancy, menstruation).
Varicose veins varicose veins on the legs will publish a comprehensive clinic. Patients complaining of difficulty and discomfort in the extremities, rapid fatigue, swelling of the ankle, cramps in the night, the speakers of the blue veins. Already the pathology of the background of the lack of adequate treatment causes a variety of complications.
Causes and risk factors of varicose veins of the lower extremities
Varicose veins of the lower extremities most of the paintings is due to a genetic predisposition. Immediate cause: the functional immaturity of the valves in the veins and deprived connective tissue of the unit of blood. This leads to a greater burden on the inside of the blood vessels and the occurrence of varicose veins.
The etiology is due to innate factors, which are related to hypercoagulation high blood clotting. In the middle of the breach formed blood clots, that infringes a full-fledged blood flow in the legs, lead to pathological enlargement of the veins in between.
A frequent cause of the development of the disease women's hormonal failure. It is based on the alteration of sex steroid concentrations in the blood. Related to menopause at the start and pregnancy.
The causes of varicose veins in the legs:
- The excessive weight. Obesity published a be mechanical stress on the venous walls, especially approved, it was published in the background of the abdominal type. How the outcome is whether the patient is an improved venous blood pressure;
- Diabetes. Due to the complexity of the disorders in the metabolic processes that are related to the constantly high sugar levels when the relative insulin deficiency observed reduction in the elasticity of the veins and the walls further their extension;
- The alcohol addiction. If alcoholism the body is not enough liquid blood becomes thick, so that the result is a disturbed blood circulation;
- Professional factors (continuous stay is in an upright position, excessive physical load, physical activity);
- Wearing uncomfortable shoes such as high heels;
- Severe pathology of the cardiovascular system that occur in circulatory insufficiency.
Lead to varicose veins, the legs can chronic pathology of the reproductive organs. Especially prostate inflammation in males and the derivatives of the women.
The development of the mechanism of the disease based on the inclusion of the inflammatory process smaller varicose veins, which leads to their swollen and the difficulty of blood flow.
Signs and symptoms of the disease, varicose
Varicose veins leg veins different symptoms. We start with the external changes. So, the most clear sign of a recognized powerful cause of disease, it is the transformation of the contour and the form of subcutaneous blood vessels of the feet. Publish flatulence, nodular thickening. The blood vessels become dark in color, taped the eye and sprockets.
Trophic ulcers on the legs are treated from two directions. Part of the physicians said the wound at the symptoms, others of the same complications of the pathology, the certificates of the last – all in the working stage of the pathological process.
Classification of varicose veins feet
Varicose veins of the legs commonly diagnosed well-established women, as men have in this age. At a young age with the disease, boys and girls manifested equal frequency. According to the classification of the ailment happens to the primary and secondary nature. In the first case is the pathological changes of the affected surface and blood vessels. Violation of the building and structure of the deeper blood vessels.
Secondary varices represent complications of pathology in the deeper veins, which results in the observed negative changes in the skin in the blood vessels in the feet. This image published in the background of congenital disorders of the venous system, as well as its as a consequence of phlebothrombosis.
Also the disease is classified clinical forms. Those are varicose veins lateral the blood vessels of the shins and hips, reticular form and varikoossed telangiectasia. Consider these forms:
- Varicose veins lateral ven happens, as an independent disease, as with other pathologies. Reverse throw venous fluid takes place in the deep vein through the subcutaneous and surrounding blood vessels.
- Netted (reticular form) to publish as an independent disease. Does not lead to venous insufficiency, is a purely cosmetic defect.
- Varikoossed telangiectasia is also a cosmetic defect.
In recent years, surgeons are excreted in the venous failure of the idiopathic form. It is characterized by increased venous tone, it is clear the reason that such an infringement detected will not succeed. The clinical manifestations of the pathology does not differ from the classical to the clinic.
Stage the degree of varicose veins
Varicose veins ven leg varies depending on the stage and extent. To create these take into account the clinic's patient. Chronic illness happens more compared to b, that there are certain differences:
| Stage | Characterized by |
| Compensation | Pain syndrome weakly expressed or not. Patients complain about discomfort in legs due to long population. Celebrate the existence of vasculature in eyes, on skin, from time to time publish the swelling of the ankle, passes quickly after the holidays. |
| Subcompensation | If the visual inspection able to detect the lower limbs of the patient visible vein there clearance. Ill have a lot of complaints. In particular, they complain that the persistent pain in the general character of the, increased fatigue, heaviness in the legs. The night is often caused by muscle twitching, "running ants" along the skin. Is observed in the swelling after a night's sleep 90% of the cases will be covered by yourself. |
| Decompensation of heart | The most difficult stage of varicose veins. Changes will be evident by the leather cover. He becomes too dry, falling out hair stand on end. In addition to the taped hyperpigmentation, which leads to abnormal thickening of the subcutaneous tissue. Cracks and scratches on the feet will improve for a long time it is possible to change the trophic ulcers. Foot swelling constantly, rest and sleep do not help. Swelling is an asset to rise over through the legs. |
If a girl or a boy come to the doctor complaining of the described symptomatology, the doctor will arrange a visual inspection, determines the laboratory analyses and methods of instrumental diagnostics. The results obtained on the basis of talking about the form, stage and degree of the pathology.
The degree of varicose veins of the legs are designated by numbers. Zero (0) – clinic is not detected, the external changes are missing; I – puffiness, constant fatigue, limbs; II – constant swollen, in addition to hyperpigmentation, misleading closed the subcutaneous tissue; III – the pain, not through the legs swelling, trophic ulcers.
Complications of venous insufficiency
Varicose veins – chronic face illness, so the treatment follows a certain goal – to stop progression and prevent complications. If the treatment is set incorrectly or the patient does not seek assistance of health care professionals, specialists, develop complications in the treatment.
Thrombophlebitis – inflammation of the walls of the veins than you have blood pressure, bunch. Is inflammatory process may participate in a nearby blood vessels and a soft cloth. Emit several forms. Never sharp (lasts about 30 days), subacute – duration up to six months and chronic view.
Migratory thrombophlebitis rare. It is characterized by inflammation, which occurs in different sections of the vein, passes quickly.
Until symptoms include:
- Visually have to see the clear view of the inflamed agree.
- A sharp pain syndrome, if the palpation pain becomes stronger.
- Swollen nodes, the speakers over the skin.
- The local temperature increase.
Thrombophlebitis, where veins in the feet may lead to other complications. For example, periphlebitis – surrounding tissue inflammation, moist gangrene limbs, thrombosis in deeper veins. If the spread of the inflammation occur in the complications that go beyond the and the limbs – embolism and sepsis.
Deep vein thrombosis – a common complication is varicose veins of the legs. The pathology of the formation is characterized by tight blood clot which completely or partially clog the blood vessels, that violates the entire blood circulation. Such complications are the risk of a deadly outcome due to a loose blood clot.
Trophic ulcers occur in severe cases. Often joins the infectious process, which exacerbate the clinical picture. The wound can affect not only tissues, but also deeper layers of the muscles. Better are long. Necessary is a complex treatment.
Varicose veins eczema is characterised by symptoms of:
- Inflammatory skin hyperpigmentation purple or bright red;
- Are formed microvesicles, who himself lit;
- Strong swollen;
- Skin itching, which is observed continuously;
- Crying, which after drying, is coated with a crust over;
- Abnormal thickened skin to cover.
Varicose veins eczema can go to the chronic period, resulting in publish sclerotherapy the skin cover and subcutaneous tissue.
Joining the infection of eczema is a complex trophic ulcers.
Conservative treatment of varicose veins feet
Conservative treatment of varicose veins includes medical care treatment and wearing the packing in the wash. Packing wove a different class packing and assignment – happens, to prevention and treatment of pathology. Tights, stockings and socks must be selected to be in the dr in light of the specific features. Only a proper wash will give the desired result.
Determine the medicines. Ideal for efficient medications that affected everything would be pathological links to disease, does not exist. We recommend the application of systemic medications – pills and local means – gels, balsams, creams and ointments.
Specifically for physiotherapy procedure – magnetic therapy, electrophoresis; special gymnastics. Can be used in folk recipes herbs help in reducing the condition's symptoms.
Sometimes it is recommended to hürudoteraapiat – treatment of leeches.
Surgical treatment methods
If conservative options, how to give a small result, the disease progresses, it is recommended to the operation. Often practiced sclerotherapy. A vein injected with a special substance that can bind to the damaged vessel. Over time, this replacement through connective tissue.
Ablation radio frequency. It is the activities of the intervention took place in the "welding" of the blood vessel (ill), through the probe, which emits a wave. The probe heats the wall, which leads to their aortic stenosis. After the intervention some time is needed to transfer the compression in the wash.
Ways to help sick surgery depends on many criteria. The doctor takes into account the stage of the disease, sick is sick, having a chronic disease that may become contraindications through interference.
Other types of immediate treatment:
- Phlebectomy – the doctor will remove the damaged vein, and blood vessels. Through a small puncture of the skin to cover the inject tool hook, which pulled the ship. This methodology happens to the combined – use of surgical intervention and the implementation of the laser.
- The most effective way to treat is considered laser coagulation of the lower extremities veins. The methodology of the operation took place with minimal incisions and the injury. Through a small puncture on the skin of the ship ' s superfine wire, which emits a wave of the desired frequency. In the sphere of influence is observed on heating. Walls protect, which allows you to neutralize the problem.
Removal of the relaxation for a small probe, which is administered through the cut and glue the dirty part of the vein. Cryostripping – pathological vessel of liquid nitrogen, which will lead to degradation in the field, the later is functionality.
Prevention
Preventive activities are of great value. A favorable prognosis depends on not only the right meetings with the dr and carried out the treatment, but the patient just for him is the need to change your lifestyle, just follow the recommendations of the phlebologist.
So, the need is constant wearing compression washing or bandaging limbs elastic bandage. Reviews patients, the first option is more convenient. Even after the rapid intervention requires constant physical activity, but without the excessive loads on the body.
During sleep is recommended for the feet to give a thrilled situation. To this end the limbs to dispose of the pillow or minimized to the deck. If the work is related to the constant standing either location, then every 60 to 80 minutes are required to do a small workout, to speed up the blood circulation in the body.
Women are recommended to quit wearing shoes with high heels. The maximum height of the spikes should be 5 see All patients must choose comfortable shoes, abandon the clothes, which puts pressure on the limbs.
Varicose veins on the legs is a serious disease that needs a multifaceted approach to treating. The only comprehensive effects which consists of medication, compression apparel, physical therapy, motor activity and proper nutrition will lead to a positive outcome and sustained remission.